sábado, 25 de noviembre de 2023
Una crítica y una recomendación
martes, 14 de noviembre de 2023
What is happening in Spain?
Perhaps some of you have heard that in Spain there are protests by citizens, professional associations and public organizations against a law that the current provisional government intends to approve to gain the support of other parliamentary groups. Many say that this law would de facto abolish the division of powers in the Kingdom of Spain and would put us at the level of a banana republic where politicians from certain parties can commit whatever crimes they want and trample on the rights of citizens with impunity. Fasten your seatbelts, because this is completely true and I'm going to explain you why...
The story of Pedro Sánchez and Catalan separatism is so long and winding that it would require several articles to explain it in detail, but I will do my best to summarize all the most relevant points here, although feel free to ask me for more details. In simple terms, the following is happening: the current acting Spanish president lost the general elections, but since he came in second place he can repeat his term if he obtains enough support from other political parties present in the Congress of Deputies. To achieve this, he intends to approve an anti-constitutional law that not only grants amnesty to politicians convicted or fleeing from justice abroad, but also completely abolishes judicial independence and grants criminals all available resources so that they can commit crimes again, intention they have already expressed on repeated occasions. In fact, not only will they be given those resources, but they will be forgiven for the titanic debt they incurred due to their abysmal management by taking that money from the rest of the Spanish regions.
The beneficiaries of the amnesty will be the Catalan politicians who called an illegal independence referendum in 2017. The Catalan independence movement (“Procés”) has a decades-long history of media gaslighting and propaganda; But for the sake of space, here I am only going to focus on the events that led to the conviction of its later instigators.
Before beginning I must make it clear that although I am strongly opposed to Catalan nationalism, I consider the existence of independence parties is perfectly legitimate. What is not legitimate is that in order to achieve their objectives, these parties or those of any other ideology commit crimes, especially when there are legal channels to pursue their ultimate objectives. It is also important to say that not all of the Catalan population (not even half) is in favor of independence or even has a nationalist ideology. In fact, many people are disgusted that their political representatives and neighbors march with torches like the Nazis did, or that they make perverted use of the law to try to prevent Spanish from being spoken in schools. That is why a large part of the secessionist media apparatus has also made an effort to exploit the disenchantment and indifference of the population with Spanish politics in general, something undoubtedly shared in other regions that have to suffer the same as them. The success of these disinformation media has been to make the population believe that local politicians are the lesser evil, when in reality they are at the center of their problems... and those of the rest of the nation.
THE SECESSIONIST PROBLEM
After being warned many times that a regional government organizing a binding vote to unilaterally separate from Spain was illegal, Catalan secessionists turned a deaf ear and on October 1, 2017 organized a illegitimate referendum. Illegal voting was carried out in schools, using children and the elderly in meatshields and coordinating with various foreign disinformation media. Unlike most of the innocent people who voted (if we are to believe the irregular census provided, only two million of the five million local population voted), the politicians who organized it knew that they had no serious chance of achieving anything, but they went ahead anyway to force the hand of the State, which could not sit idly by in the face of such a challenge. They avidly sought one thing: photos of martyrs and repression for the international press. The Catalan population, even those who were not in favor of independence or were indifferent to it, were deceived by the local media into believing that a legitimate vote was taking place, after months and years of ideological bombardment.
The situation was so serious that there were even fears of subversion in the regional police (yes, the “oppressed” Catalan Generalitat has its own police force), which went so far as to destroy incriminating documents and confront other police forces. In fact, the central government had vetoed the shipment of new ammunition for months, since said force had tried to buy weapons more suitable for war than for police functions. It was later discovered that the Generalitat even had considered the possibility of obtaining support from Putin by creating a military base in the port of Barcelona. Apart from that, there were serious riots in the region by the most radical elements of the independence movement and all types of sabotage were also carried out. Fortunately, many terrorist acts were stopped before they could take place, but their planning has been amply proven judicially.
At this point it is important to explain several contextual elements that totally refute the secessionist argument that Spain refuses to dialogue peacefully with them:
Before the illegal referendum was consummated, the then-regional president Carles Puigdemont (successor of Artur Mas, who initiated the secessionist process) was invited twice to the house of Spanish sovereignty - the Congress - and on both occasions he abruptly refused, claiming that he did not want to participate in an open debate: he just wanted to make a speech, without a response or question round. Precisely one of the reasons why all this is happening is that many territorial issues in Spain are discussed behind the scenes: the politicians of the large national parties have a long history of granting privileges and concessions to nationalist local governments in exchange for their support in Congress. All this would change if the Senate fulfilled its function as a chamber of territorial representation, that is, a place where the representatives of the various Autonomous Communities of Spain could openly say what they think about themselves and their neighbors... Perhaps this is how the the international press would see once and for all the hatred, classism and nineteenth-century supremacism of the ideologues of the independence movement when they talk about the ideological basis of their projects.
The Spanish Autonomic (territorial) system is imperfect, but it is also much more decentralized than that of many federal states. Our Constitution does not have perpetual articles, and in fact it contemplates legal means to alter it or convene a new constituent process. Following the appropriate channels and with a valid majority, the Spanish monarchy could become a republic and the debate on territorial secession could even be opened. However, the leaders of the independence parties and their staunchest followers opted for unilateralism, fake victimhood, and when all that failed, violence; because as their president has already demonstrated, the mask of the peaceful victim quickly slips when they are offered the possibility of having a public conversation about their ideas and they reject it. All of these crimes were financed with public money, that is, with corruption not only towards their own citizens (which would be serious enough) but also towards the rest of the Spaniards whom they claim to hate so much. In fact the unfortunate slogan “Spain steals from us” could not be more false: Catalonia has long been one of the richest regions in Spain, home to many multinationals, with a vast industrial infrastructure, and the seat of many important cultural events; and despite this, it is proven that it is one of the territories where public funds have been managed the worst and money is wasted the most. Despite this, the ex-president of the Catalan Generalitat Artur Mas (convicted of corruption) invented a story of economic grievance with respect to the rest of Spain to try to counteract the massive mobilizations against him during the economic crisis that began in 2008, and in the process attract to the independence movement to non-nationalist citizens, in many cases “charnegos” (i.e. descendants of emigrants from other regions, especially Andalusians) that Catalan nationalist elites have always treated as subhuman.
But returning to the events that occurred after the illegal vote, the central government chose to apply Article 155 of the Constitution in the most lax and brief way possible, that is, without actually suspending Catalan autonomy when it was legal and appropriate to do so. In my opinion that was a serious mistake. Some "Procés" leaders alleged that they would stay in their positions to resist until the end, deceiving their allies and followers while they fled out of the country, with the intention of internationalizing the conflict and creating problems within the European Union. Precisely this escape precipitated the immediate arrest of those who had stayed behind, so that they would not decide to flee as well after risking the integrity of the people they had deceived.
The trial of those responsible for the "Procés" was long and complex, but so that there were no doubts about the court's proceedings, there was total transparency, it was followed minute by minute by all the media and live by the citizens. According to proven facts, if we examine the penal code clearly the worst crime committed by the Catalan leaders was rebellion. In fact, the conviction for rebellion was what the state attorney's office and the prosecutor's office requested, and according to judicial sources it was also what the Supreme Court judges saw. Except for the flight of Puigdemont, who lost much of his power, the Catalan issue seemed, if not completely resolved, at least contained and on the right track. A conviction for rebellion could later have been used to outlaw pro-independence parties for crimes in a fair way: for their crimes, not for their ideas or desires.
THE ARRIVAL OF SÁNCHEZ
But this is where the man called Pedro Sánchez comes into play. Sánchez is a politician from the PSOE -Spanish Socialist Workers' Party- who had been expelled from the leadership of his party for his dubious democratic conduct, among other things. However, what the old guard of the PSOE did not count on was that part of the party's bases (those responsible for choosing the candidate) had gradually become more and more populist. Sánchez took advantage of this to, in an unexpected (almost Trumpian) turn of events, be re-elected as a socialist candidate against all odds. Once settled in that position, he called a successful motion of no confidence against the government of Spain at the time (marred by cases of corruption in the conservative party) and called a general election.
At that time there was a lot of fear that Sánchez needed the independentists, other nationalists and the communists of Podemos to govern. But Sánchez said that there was nothing to fear because he would not agree to anything with them in any case...
The first thing Sánchez did was change overnight the representative of the State Attorney's Office in the trial of the secessionists. The said body immediately went from requesting a sentence for rebellion to one for sedition, and both it and the Government (in a totally illegal and undemocratic manner) exerted great pressure on the court so that this was finally the sentence, with the most lax punishments possible. It should be said that one of the main differences between rebellion and sedition is the use of violence, and this had been widely proven during the trial. At this moment many people downplayed the issue, despite its seriousness. They believed that it would be a momentary measure to ensure the investiture and calm Catalan politics. But Sánchez obviously did not stop there, because although politicians are generally ambitious liars, Sánchez is willing to transcend all the limits of what is acceptable in broad daylight.
After this attack on the rule of law, the leader of the PSOE and his psychophants said many times that they would NEVER pardon the secessionist leaders... only to be proud of doing just that a few months later, when they needed their votes to stay in power. Not satisfied with this, and seeing that with the 2020 pandemic (during which the government stood out for its incompetence and illegalities) their position was weakened, they decided to give another gift to criminals: they eliminated the crime of Sedition from the Penal Code, and reduced the penalties for embezzlement of public funds; crimes for which the secessionist leaders had been convicted. And they did all this while the secessionists repeated the same thing over and over again: that they did not regret the damage caused and that they would do it again. Not content with this, Sánchez ignored the pressure from the European institutions, which demanded that the various bodies of the judiciary should be chosen entirely by the judges and placed a majority of his supporters on the constitutional court, foreseeing that at some point he would need them.
After all these terrible decisions and many others on issues unrelated to this is when we arrive at the current moment. Sánchez and his supporters, before this year's general elections, repeatedly insisted that they would NEVER grant amnesty to pardoned independence leaders (to erase their crimes) or to those who carried out or planned violent acts in Catalonia, much less to the politicians who had fled abroad to avoid being judged. And now, months later, not only are they going to amnesty them all... but they are going to force the judges to close all related cases, they are going to allow those convicted not to return a single cent of the five million euros they stole (only for the illegal referendum, without counting other things) and they are going to forgive all the debt of that regional administration (the result of decades of bad management) with money from the rest of Spain. In fact, Sánchez has already showered the criminal parties with tons of subsidies, and plans to give them control over strategic infrastructure and the total money collected through taxes in the region... so that they can repeat their coup d'état again, but with a greater chance of success and harm for innocent people. But the worst thing, by far, is that the PSOE has included in the pact document the seccesionist claim that in Spain there was lawfare against the independentists, and that for this reason POLITICAL COMMISSIONS WILL BE CREATED TO CONTROL THE JUDGES; just destroying the Separation of Powers, one of the foundations of democracy.... in fact, the key element to preventing tyranny.
Needless to say, all of this is anti-constitutional in a way so obvious that it hurts the eyes... but do you remember what I said before about the Constitutional Court?
Faced with this, not only have the constitutionalist political parties and more than a million people demonstrated in the streets of the entire nation last Sunday, but also countless civil servant bodies, associations, professional associations, bodies of the judiciary, employers' associations and many more. But Sánchez is not going to give in because the only thing that matters to him is staying in power at whatever price is necessary. He is not going to call elections now because the veil of falsehood has fallen and he would have to admit his intentions during campaign. If nothing changes, he will call elections in four or five years. His plan: seeing the economic storms on the horizon, let the economy collapse and subsidize large percentages of the population with public money to create a captive vote. The ultimate goal: for Spain to become something similar to certain Latin American republics that Sánchez has as a model, “democracies” where everyone with half a brain knows the corruption of the ruling party but fears losing subsidies. And if he is still voted out of power, then his radical allies (not just the Catalan secessionists) will seriously and perhaps fatally destabilize a new government trying to fix what the PSOE has destroyed.
This is the most serious challenge that Spanish democracy has suffered, even more so than the attempted coup d'état of 23-F, at the end of the last century. The situation is so serious that only the perseverance of constitutionalists, international support or a miracle can save us. They say that “the price of Freedom is eternal vigilance”, and it is so true that in Spain it was enough for us to fall asleep for a few moments for democracy to crumble. Perhaps we are already lost, but I hope that my story of what is happening here will help open eyes abroad, to prevent the rise of other maniacs blinded by ambition.
viernes, 10 de noviembre de 2023
Es ahora
Las manifestaciones, por masivas que sean, no van a hacer que el actual gobierno decida convocar elecciones. Pero son necesarias para que quienes pueden echarlo o al menos ejercer presión real vean que tienen una oportunidad para cumplir su deber con la constitución y la ciudadanía. Por eso hay que ir, aunque uno no esté acostumbrado, y cuando más seamos más verán quienes aún no se atreven a alzar la voz que no están solos. Y si eso no funciona al menos podrás decir que cuando la casa se desmoronaba te mantuviste de pie y no con la cabeza gacha del esclavo.
Desde mis días de universitario he despreciado las manifestaciones y el mundo asambleario, y llevo como una medalla el no haber ido a ninguna en todos esos años ni los años siguientes, ni haber permitido que ningún colectivo nebuloso se aprovechara de mi presencia. Pero hemos llegado al punto límite: es ahora que hay que dejar caer el manto de apatía que hemos cargado los constitucionalistas todos estos años, de dejarse ver y hablar claro. Si de verdad te preocupa lo que está pasando haz como yo, anula tus citas del domingo y plántate en tu capital de provincia. Y si puedes convencer a alguien de que se sume a un momento tan importante, mejor.
Los nubarrones que se nos echan encima son tan negros que no podemos permitirnos los habituales "es que..." remilgados: da igual que haya gente y partidos políticos que busquen capitalizar las movilizaciones, se están desmantelando los últimos resquicios del estado de derecho y la ciudadanía española. Estamos hablando de tiranía, y frente a eso no hay excusa posible: el deber del hombre libre es alzarse y ser un ejemplo para las generaciones venideras
martes, 12 de septiembre de 2023
Ron en el cartón de leche
sábado, 8 de julio de 2023
El mito del retroceso
martes, 16 de mayo de 2023
Legítimo, verdadero y justo
Algunos liberales deberían dejar de pensar que la carta de la legalidad es la única válida para ganar un debate. La legalidad son las reglas de juego, pero las leyes son mutables y sujetas a interpretación o capricho de una clase gobernante con cada vez menos remilgos. Una cosa es el imperativo de respetar la ley y otra quedarse sentado creyendo que es una especie de ángel de la guarda o un reflejo de la moral de la ciudadanía
La "ley" tenía que parar los pies a los independentistas y no lo hizo, tenía que convencer a Europa y tampoco lo hizo, debería habernos protegido de los excesos de este gobierno y sólo ha servido para reforzar sus desmanes. En su momento escuché de supuestos liberales que abrir el melón de los indultos o los pactos con Bildu no era algo que se pudiera recriminar al gobierno (que había prometido no hacerlo) porque era " lo legal". Ahora con la cúpula del poder judicial subvertida, las leyes de Montero y la ley educativa lloriquean como si no fuera obvio que algo así iba a suceder, y con los candidatos condenados por terrorismo callan como meretrices esquineras.
La misma gente se reía cuando los independentistas separaban entre el ámbito de lo legítimo y lo legal... y no deberían haberlo hecho, pues ese es el verdadero campo de batalla político de nuestra época. Habiendo quedado más que demostrado que el ámbito legal va a protegernos cada vez menos y poco a poco puede retorcerse hasta convertirse en el escudo de los tiranos, deberíamos reconocer de una vez que debe hacerse un esfuerzo serio para ganarse la mente y el corazón de la ciudadanía que padece esta creciente degeneración. Por eso, señores míos, es hora de deshacerse del agnosticismo moral y comenzar a colocar en el centro cuestiones como la legitimidad, la verdad y la justicia: todo lo que está ausente en las instituciones. Háganse a la idea de que el marco de tolerancia de las democracias liberales ya no existe ni los ideales que lo inspiraron son el punto en común en ningún hemiciclo: todo eso ha sido desplazado por una caricatura dantesca y si no hacemos nada cada vez será más difícil salir del pozo.
sábado, 29 de abril de 2023
Fe de Erratas
Más allá de la economía, la política o las discusiones de salón, el mundo de nuestros abuelos seguía girando porque a pesar de todos los problemas y errores estaba construido sobre un sustrato que (racionalizable o no) era verdadero. Podrían surgir crisis gravísimas, pero la incomodidad existencial que experimentamos hoy y el faccionalismo irreconciliable a todas horas del día no se contaban entre ellos.
Poco a poco me he dado cuenta de que muchas cosas daba por buenas eran mentira: no sólo las promesas de futuro boomers que tanto (y tan acertadamente) se critican, los desmanes de las ideologías posmodernas o las consecuencias funestas del positivismo. No es, como llegué a creer en su momento, que en los siglos XIX y XX el tren descarrilara debido a la irrupción de ciertas ideas. El tren ya había descarrilado y llevamos dos siglos rematando a los supervivientes. Incluso la Modernidad como mito fundacional, que hace cinco o seis años creía a pies juntillas, ahora me parece deleznable y me arrepiento de haber dicho cosas como que necesitábamos fijarnos más en la Ilustración, ser jacobinos o incluso que habría apoyado a José Bonaparte. Mi púlpito de mármol en realidad era un cajón vacío, que no servía para librepensar sino para despreciar con arrogancia, incurriendo así en lo que para los proponententes de tan elevados ideales supuestamente eran los mayores pecados: el prejuicio y la ignorancia.
Siempre he creído que, en la medida de lo posible, debemos buscar la coherencia entre lo que hacemos y lo que decimos, y ahora veo que aunque sonaba muy bonito las consecuencias de tales ideas serían (y de hecho, han sido) horribles: un mundo de ideales vacíos donde se está a disgusto, donde donde solo crecen los hierbajos de la mentira y el poder. Darse cuenta de esto no sólo implica desear el regreso de tiempos más simples, sino pedir la devolución de lo robado y que quienes (filósofos, sociólogos, historiadores, etc) hemos contribuído a esparcir estas mentiras en alguna medida hagamos acto de contrición. Tradicionalmente se nos dice que hacerse preguntas es señal de inteligencia y no hace daño a nadie, pero cada vez veo con más claridad que el acto de haberse cuestionado ciertas cosas era señal de estupidez y de una irresponsabilidad supina.
lunes, 13 de marzo de 2023
Hable bien, señor aventurero
Uno de los problemas que enfrenta el lector de fantasía moderno son las malas traducciones en sus títulos preferidos. Esto es hasta cierto punto disculpable teniendo en cuenta que los traductores generalmente no son expertos en Historia (madre de toda fantasía) tema que por desgracia tampoco cala demasiado entre el gran público. Sin embargo el problema es que en vez de identificar el error y cambiar de rumbo llevamos medio siglo levantando un edificio de términos mal usados: como la fantasía anglosajona domina el mercado, los autores en lengua española de ambos hemisferios beben de esos errores toda su vida y muchas veces los acaban incorporando a sus trabajos.
Por eso he decidido hacer una entrada con dos errores que me llaman la atención por ser tan comunes en novelas, rol de mesa y videojuegos: buckler traducido como rodela y rapier como estoque.
Esgrimistas del siglo XVI con espada y broquel |
El término correcto en español para buckler es no es rodela, sino broquel. Un broquel es un escudo de pequeño tamaño, generalmente redondo y hecho completamente de metal, aunque también los había con partes de madera. Los broqueles "clásicos" suelen tener una cazoleta central hueca que albergaba la mano y podía usarse para golpear al enemigo, sobre todo si la remataba un pincho. Aunque se usaron en el campo de batalla, culturalmente se los ha acabado asociando en exclusiva a los duelistas o a los practicantes de esgrima. Por eso el término en inglés también da nombre a uno de los arquetipos de aventurero más extendidos: el swashbuckler (lit. "avientabroqueles"), lo que en Español llamaríamos héroe de capa y espada o un sinfín de términos picarescos igualmente válidos.
Por contra, una rodela es un escudo redondo u ovalado, pero a diferencia del broquel iba embrazado, es decir, fijado con correas. Por su tamaño mediano podríamos considerarlos "escudos propiamente dichos". Sus dimensiones hacían que fueran protecciones efectivas contra proyectiles y, de hecho, en el Renacimiento llegaron a fabricarse rodelas a prueba de bala, muy útiles en asedios. Por motivos obvios en sus correrías urbanas un swashbuckler histórico o fantasioso no llevaría una rodela, ya que es un arma de guerra aparatosa y difícil de justificar ante las autoridades.
La rodela tuvo más relevancia histórica de lo que normalmente se le atribuye. El empleo de rodelero propiamente dicho desapareció en el siglo XVI, pero eso no significa que tan peculiar escudo se dejara de usar: más bien lo contrario. Hasta que el mosquete de chispa desbancó a la pica en los campos de batalla europeos, la rodela se consideró un arma de especialista excelente para el asalto en brechas, abordajes o para soldados de infantería que actuaban en grupos desgajados del escuadrón de piqueros. También tenía connotaciones de rango, y muchos oficiales españoles tenían un paje (a veces llamado paje de rodela) que se encargaba de transportarla junto con las armas que su maestro no estaba empuñando.
Piquero y rodelero de principios del siglo XVII |
Por otra parte, "rapier" hace referencia a una espada de hoja larga y fina, a la que solemos asociar con las típicas guarniciones de lazo o a la cazoleta de las películas de mosqueteros. Es decir: a una espada ropera, y a veces incluso a sus primas punta y corte que veríamos en un contexto militar. Los términos aquí son algo confusos, porque en castellano actualmente veces se llama "estoque" a esas armas, pero para evitar líos baste decir que un estoque en su sentido original no es lo que daríamos al ágil matasiete, sino a un caballero hecho y derecho, especialmente para pelear contra villanos enlatados. Se trataba de un arma más de punta que de tajo, tan diseñada para perforar que generalmente sólo estaba afilado el final de la hoja. Aunque el estoque a todas luces es una espada de doble puño, lo cierto es que también podía usarse como si fuera una lanza corta, emulando así otras armas de caballero desmontado como el hacha de petos. Por su particular diseño también era útil como una versión más grande de la daga que los hombres de armas usaban para rematar a adversarios aturdidos o derribados.
El tipo de la izquierda lleva un estoque. Nótese el pomo rematado de pinchos, una adición habitual en la representaciones de esta arma. |
Más caballeros con estoque. En este caso llevan falsaguardas para proteger la mano adelantada. |
jueves, 2 de marzo de 2023
Mil y una máscaras
Siempre me han parecido interesantes las máscaras que el mal puede llegar a vestir para envolver poco a poco a las personas, hasta que escapar es prácticamente imposible . Por ejemplo, en Baleares y en otras autonomías con movimientos nativistas es muy complicado que alguien que no haya tenido un encontronazo lo suficientemente desagradable reconozca que existe un problema y que en el fondo la sociedad mallorquina está siendo tremendamente excluyente. Por mucho que pisen sus derechos cada día o vean injusticias acaban quitando hierro a todo, hasta el punto que no basta con señalar obviedades para convencerlos de que algo funciona mal. Hay que tener la pacienciade invertir un buen rato (hasta horas) en sentarse a desmenuzar mil ejemplos para que una sola persona abducida por la cultura de "lo nostro" abra un poquito los ojos.
Con el tiempo me he acabado convenciendo de que lo que mantiene en pie esta fantasmagoría es una simple cuestión de imagen. El miedo a la represalia y el deseo de trepar a toda costa desde luego están ahí, pero tampoco debemos sobredimensionarlos*. El statu quo nacionalista no sigue en pie por sus dirigentes en la clase política y sus colaboradores en el funcionariado o el activismo, sino porque subrepticiamente hace del ciudadano bienintencionado el principal cómplice. Y esto es posible por muchos factores, pero sobre todo porque saben crear la imagen apropiada: una estética del bien adaptada a las tendencias actuales. Por eso aunque las habituales comparaciones del nacionalismo catalán o vasco con el fascismo son pertinentes (la conexión histórica está ahí) también son contraproducentes ante un público amansado y convenientemente poco educado en dichas cuestiones.
Ahora los nacionalismos periféricos ya no recurren a botas altas, brazos en alto y otros males conocidos; sino que copian la parafernalia de los movimientos por los derechos civiles, anticoloniales y reivindicativos modernos: envuelven los discursos más rancios en banderas de arcoíris, cosmopolitismo y dibujitos redondeados de aspecto inofensivo. Ya no se los ve midiendo cráneos, sino que ocultan el aguijón envenenado bajo fiestas populares, imágenes nostálgicas de la infancia y las recetas de la abuela. Por eso aunque el crítico señale la obvia desnudez del emperador es tan complicado rehabilitar a quienes caído en su redes, personas que en cualquier otro contexto alzarían la voz ante una injusticia. A base de saturarlo todo con su ideología, los nacionalistas los han condicionado para que no sepan distinguir las frontera entre su moralidad, el folclore local y un discurso político perverso.
En resumen: el mayor desafío no son los voceros ruidosos, sino el teatro de sombras chinescas que las instituciones secuestradas por nacionalistas han creado con tanto esmero. Hasta que ese sistema sea desmantelado lo tendrán muy fácil para seguir presentando al agresor como víctima y viceversa.
miércoles, 15 de febrero de 2023
La parte y el todo
Aunque muchas veces sólo centramos nuestra atención en piezas que individualmente son sublimes, la magia del cine también consiste en contextualizar elementos que por sí solos no serían tan memorables y volverlos icónicos. La armadura "desollada" de Drácula en la película de 1992 es un gran ejemplo de este efecto: en las asépticas fotos de una exposición parece un diseño formalmente original pero algo minimalista y plastiquero, sobre todo comparado con con otros diseños de Eiko Ishioka para la misma producción. En cambio, en la pantalla no parece un disfraz de fantasía sino que la iluminación, la música, los actores y otros elementos se confabulan para que en nuestra cabeza SEA la armadura del hombre-demonio Vlad Drăculea.
Es un efecto que sólo la combinación de buen gusto y visión de conjunto puede conseguir, pues de lo contrario nos toparíamos con un relato interesante pero visualmente soso o una colección de cosas individualmente bonitas.
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